Understanding the Common Causes of Mesothelioma
Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the lining of vital organs such as the lungs, heart, and abdomen. This rare form of cancer is caused by exposure to asbestos, a mineral that was widely used in construction materials throughout the 20th century. Despite the known health risks associated with asbestos, it was not fully banned in the United States until the late 1980s.
What is Mesothelioma?
Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that forms on the thin layer of tissue that covers several vital organs in the body, known as the mesothelium. The most common type of mesothelioma is pleural mesothelioma, which affects the lining of the lungs.
The second most common type is peritoneal mesothelioma, which affects the lining of the abdomen. Pericardial mesothelioma, which affects the lining of the heart, is extremely rare.
Common Causes of Mesothelioma
The primary cause of mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos. Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was widely used in construction materials, including insulation, roofing, and flooring, from the 1930s to the 1970s.
When asbestos fibers are inhaled or ingested, they can become lodged in the mesothelium, leading to inflammation and abnormal cell growth. Over time, this can result in mesothelioma.
In addition to asbestos exposure, other factors that may increase the risk of mesothelioma include smoking, exposure to radiation, and a weakened immune system.
Symptoms of Mesothelioma
Symptoms of mesothelioma can vary depending on the location and stage of the cancer. Early symptoms may be mild and easily overlooked, while advanced stages of the disease can cause severe pain and difficulty breathing.
Common symptoms of mesothelioma include:
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Persistent cough
- Wheezing
- Fever
- Unexplained weight loss
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms and have a history of asbestos exposure, it’s important to speak with your doctor as soon as possible. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve the chances of survival.
Diagnosing Mesothelioma
Diagnosing mesothelioma can be a complex process, as the symptoms can often be mistaken for those of other conditions. In addition, mesothelioma can take years or even decades to develop after asbestos exposure, making it difficult to trace back to its source.
To diagnose mesothelioma, doctors will typically begin with a physical exam and review of the patient’s medical history. Imaging tests, such as X-rays and CT scans, may be ordered to look for signs of abnormal growths.
A biopsy, in which a small tissue sample is taken for analysis, is typically required to confirm a diagnosis of mesothelioma.
Mesothelioma Treatment
Treatment options for mesothelioma depend on the location and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health.
The most common treatment options for mesothelioma include:
- Surgery: Surgery may be used to remove as much of the cancerous tissue as possible.
- Radiation therapy: High-energy radiation is used to kill cancer cells.
- Chemotherapy: Anti-cancer drugs are used to kill cancer cells or slow their growth.
- Immunotherapy: This treatment option stimulates the immune system to attack cancer cells.
In some cases, a combination of these treatments may be used to provide the best possible outcome.
Conclusion
Mesothelioma is a rare but deadly form of cancer that is primarily caused by exposure to asbestos. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to improving the chances of survival for patients. If you have a history of asbestos exposure or are experiencing symptoms of mesothelioma, it’s important to speak with your doctor as soon as possible.