Mesothelioma Treatment: How It Affects Survival
Mesothelioma, a rare and aggressive cancer caused by exposure to asbestos, is often diagnosed in its later stages when it has already spread to other parts of the body. Treatment for mesothelioma can vary depending on the stage of the cancer and the overall health of the patient.
Types of Mesothelioma Treatment
There are several types of treatment for mesothelioma, including:
- Surgery
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation Therapy
- Immunotherapy
Surgery
Surgery is the most common treatment for mesothelioma and involves the removal of as much of the cancerous tissue as possible. There are several surgical options including:
- Extrapleural pneumonectomy - removal of the entire lung and surrounding tissue.
- Pleurectomy/decortication - removal of the outer lining of the lung and surrounding tissues.
- Biphasic mesothelioma surgery - removal of both the lung and the lining around the lung.
While surgery can be effective in treating mesothelioma, it can also be risky, especially for older patients or those with other health problems.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells and stop them from growing. This type of treatment can be given orally, through an injection, or through a catheter or port. Chemotherapy can be administered either alone or in combination with surgery and radiation therapy.
Chemotherapy can cause side effects including fatigue, nausea, hair loss, and an increased risk of infection.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy involves the use of high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. It can be given externally or internally. External radiation therapy involves the use of a machine that directs radiation towards the cancer cells. Internal radiation therapy involves the injection of radioactive materials into the body.
While radiation therapy can be effective in treating mesothelioma, it can also damage surrounding healthy tissue, causing side effects such as fatigue, skin irritation, and difficulty swallowing.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy involves the use of drugs to help the immune system fight cancer. This type of treatment can help the body recognize and attack cancer cells.
Immunotherapy can cause side effects including fatigue, nausea, and flu-like symptoms.
How Treatment Affects Survival
The type of treatment received for mesothelioma can have a significant impact on survival rates. Surgery, especially when combined with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, has been shown to improve survival rates for patients with mesothelioma.
However, not all patients are candidates for surgery, and some may choose less invasive treatments that can still improve quality of life and extend survival.
It's important for patients with mesothelioma to work with their doctors to determine the best course of treatment based on their individual needs and health status.
Conclusion
Mesothelioma treatment can be complex and challenging. However, there are several types of treatment available that can help improve quality of life and extend survival. Patients with mesothelioma should work closely with their doctors to determine the best course of treatment based on their individual needs and health status.